Archive for the ‘Change’ Category

 

Picturing privacy

 
 

Last night I spent a couple of hours talking in a group at a workshop organised by the VOME project – the broad topic was how how online services might handle issues of privacy and data protection, and how that aspect of our online lives could be better managed.

That kicked off a train of thought that’s been latent for a while, and I ended up scribbling out an idea that I’ve wondered about on and off.

The basic concept is that privacy of information is not an absolute. It’s contextual, and situational – whereas you might be comfortable discussing your most intimate medical details with your doctor, you wouldn’t have that same conversation with a casual acquaintance in a crowded bar.

The problem with many privacy policies and privacy controls is that they aren’t granular enough to support that kind of contextual adjustment; and when granularity exists, it makes interpreting the impact of the policy difficult to ascertain. Tickbox lists of “allow this group of contacts access to this information” can be difficult to control, so there’s a risk of over- or under-sharing.

That conversation got me thinking about how it might be possible to visualise the process and effect of managing information permissions. This is a very quick, rough, first attempt. It’s predicated on the idea that information about you exists on a continuum – from that which is most intimate and important to you as an individual, to the other extreme of not caring at all who knows a particular fact about you.

At the centre of the diagram is the information that you are least likely to want to share with others – an example of which might be intimate medical details. That’s not to say that you *won’t* share it in appropriate situation – just that those situations are unlikely to arise very often. The impact of sharing this type of information would also be very high – what impact would there be if the world at large knew your HIV status, for example?

As the diagram radiates out, the impact – and sensitivity – of the data decreases. Take financial data, for example – having your credit card details stolen is certainly not a good thing, but that’s a repairable situation. Cancel the card, file a fraud claim and the damage is largely repaired.

Location data (to me at least) feels less impactful than the previous two categories. It’s no secret that I live in the UK – my email address gives that away – and it’s not too hard to figure out that I live in Sheffield. Knowing that I’m in the fifth-largest city in the UK – is that a problem, per se? Probably not. I may want to control your access to my home address – but again, the impact of that knowledge being shared is relatively limited.

Then at the furthest reaches of the rings are contact details – email addresses and the like. These are effectively public, and in the case of services like Twitter, are public by default.

Where the diagram starts to add perspective is when you plot individuals or organisations in relation to the levels of the information hierarchy. When you apply for life insurance, for example, you’re probably going to share some pretty intimate details of your medical history.

That might not be something that’s necessarily avoidable – but it is going to make you look at the insurance company in a different light, and apply a different set of criteria to whether you feel that they’re trustworthy or not. Whereas a random eBay seller knowing your home address – that’s par for the course.

A key point is that the information elements that sit in each level will be specific to the individual. There are plenty of individuals who define themselves at least partially in their public personas through their HIV status, to go back to the medical analogy. But others won’t, and would guard that information much more closely. Each is a perfectly acceptable approach – so the ability to tailor the placement

What I don’t think this approach does is create a one-size-fits-all means of plotting, once and for all, who should have access to what fragment of your data exhaust. That’s where I think the checkbox approach fails.

But it might help to visualise and surface the potential impact of sharing information, and provide a way of objectively assessing what information is most important to you as an individual.

Compare and contrast

 
 

Yesterday, LA Fitness were on the receiving end of a concerted Twitter kicking as they acted like bean-counting idiots when dealing with a jobless, soon-to-be-homeless, heavily-pregnant and previously-loyal customer. Rightly so.

A bit of sense and compassion at the outset would have been a lot less expensive than the hit to their brand equity that resulted. And it all ended with a heavily-lawyered press release which reads like fingernails down a blackboard in its grudging repentance.

Today, Tom Watson’s intern has her Clare Swire moment when she posts an ill-advised tweet from his unattended laptop. That goes viral. Tom Watson responds with a post that summarises as “Yes, she was an idiot. We’ve all been idiots. She won’t do that again. Nothing else to see here. Move along.”

One was the end result of faceless cack-handed PR fuckwittery. The other was grown-ups behaving like grown-ups.

I still can’t quite figure out why supposedly professional public relations people automatically fall into faceless press release mode. Don’t they ever read their own words back themselves and think “do we really sound like that?

Blacked Out

 
 

I’ve taken this site down today, as part of the world-wide protest about two pieces of legislation currently going through the US Congress and Senate.

The Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) and its Senate equivalent (PIPA) are intended to give additional powers to US law enforcement agencies and the content industries. According to their supporters, the acts will target online copyright infringement.

The way the legislation is framed undermines the structural integrity of the internet as we know it. It is also wide open to abuse, to target commercial competitors and silence contrary opinions. It mandates exactly the same technical and legal processes that are used in China, Syria, North Korea and the like to censor the internet.

The “content industries” in the shape of the RIAA, MPAA, Rupert Murdoch and his ilk have a track record of opposing every new technological innovation of the last 100 years as a threat to their established business model.

They were opposed to piano rolls, and radio, and broadcast television, and cable television, and the video recorder, and the DVD, and the MP3 player, and online bookstores. All of these subsequently turned out to be massive money spinners for the content industries.

None of these technologies and services would have seen the light of day if the content industries, and their lawyers, had enforced their way. This legislation is primarily about protecting business models that have had their day. It’s the horse and cart industry protesting the rise of the internal combustion engine – and abusing the political process to do so.

I live in the UK, and this site is hosted in the UK. But I’m taking part in these protests because what happens in the US eventually finds its way over here. If SOPA and PIPA pass in Washington, then it’s a racing certainty that we’ll see the same laws introduced in Europe and the UK – with the same chilling effect on innovation and free speech.

Goodbye Delicious, hello Pinboard

 
 

I’ve got a ton of bookmarks stored in Delicious, but I’ve been getting increasingly ambivalent towards it as a service since Yahoo offloaded it to the ex-YouTubers.

The final straw came yesterday, when this blog got spammed by the Delicious autopost tool. It’s supposed to create a single blog post from the day’s links, but kept running and running – even after I’d gone into Delicious and killed the tool completely.

I’m not alone – the support forums are full of similar problems going back well over a year, and there’s zero response from Delicious themselves. 

So I’ve moved all my links over to Pinboard and tweaked the auto-posting so that every link creates a new post. I got that idea from Dan Williams – his links pop up one by one in Google Reader, which is a pattern that works for me.

As an aside, I just don’t get Yahoo as a company – their business model seems to be to buy cool services, then destroy the value of the investment by locking it in a cupboard and letting it slowly decay. I really hope that Flickr doesn’t face the same fate as Delicious.

Richard Stallman

 
 

Richard Stallman was in Leeds last week, talking about what he considers “free” to mean in a digital society. It was worth making the trip over to see him speak – it’s hard not to have at least some degree of respect for someone who has devoted virtually their entire adult life to promoting an ideal. And continues to do so even when the alternative would make for an easier day-to-day existence.

My problem is, that’s also a definition of the worst kind of religious zealot. And there were some occasions listening to him that there was more than a little religious fervour to what he was saying. Not that I think Stallman is necessarily a zealot in the truly religious sense. His principles seem to be based around “you can if you choose to”, rather than “you must because I say so”.

His internet would be run on the noblest of principles – although that works only so long as everyone involved sticks to those principles. That doesn’t seem to fit with actual experience of what human nature is. There’s a lot of talk of “they” – by which he means governments and corporate interests, and presumably “society” in the most general sense. But if those are “they”, who are the “we” that he also talks about?

There was a certain irony about seeing him speak in Leeds. The city centre is an architectural theme park for the kind of corporate interests that he rails against, and the soulless, nagging announcements that blanket the station in aural passive aggression are how corporations would sound if they had a voice to match their legal existence as pseudo-humans.

There’s an irony too, that I’m typing this on a laptop designed and made by Apple. Stallman’s not a fan – the Apple model of restricting an iDevice to running only “approved” software runs counter to all of his rules of free software.

I do get the feeling that perhaps he somehow undervalues the tremendous positives that the internet has been responsible for, compared with the negatives that he’s concerned about. An internet that conforms entirely to Stallman’s ideals would be a less colourful place – even if that colour comes with a price.

Start with a vision of what you want

 
 

Edwin Land, inventor of the Polaroid camera, once said that his method of design was to start with a vision of what you want and then, one by one, remove the technical obstacles until you have it.

Fred Brooks

What did the Romans ever do for us?

 
 

Over the weekend Emma Mulqueeny of Rewired State put up a blog post which has sparked something of a discussion (or possibly a shitstorm, depending on your viewpoint). This is what I wrote in response (it’s currently in a moderation queue), but it seemed worth an extended rant on my site.

I think we’re all agreed that there’s something fundamentally broken with the current state of big Government IT. We’re stuck in a loop of paying premium prices for sub-standard products – and up until now entrenched vested interests having been calling the shots. Decision makers have abrogated their responsibilities to hold suppliers to account, and suppliers have been only too happy to exploit the decision makers. It’s a toxic mess.

The problem is that I as a jobbing developer can do no more than whinge from the sidelines, because the vested interests prevent my voice from being heard. And I’m just one voice – I don’t have a sales force and lobbying efforts to call on in order to influence the decision makers.

What Rewired State (and others) offer is a potential alternative route to those decision makers, and a forum in which it’s possible to demonstrate that you can create meaningful, working solutions at a fraction of the cost and in a fraction of the time of the traditional vendor processes.

Which makes RS and others like it a potentially massive threat to the vested interests. If enough decision makers start questioning the likes of EDS and Capita and all the usual suspects and asking “how come a bunch of hackers could do this when you’re telling us it’ll cost eleventy billion pounds and take 5 years”, then life as a major systems integrator is going to become a lot less cushy than it is now.

(Which, by the way, is not to say that government scale doesn’t bring it’s own challenges – just that the excuse of “what would you know about how hard it is to run government IT, you don’t have to look after 10,000 desktops” has a limited lifespan.)

For the moment, I’m happy to pitch in for beer and pizza. I can get enough satisfaction out of working with other, like-minded individuals to solve some interesting problems – and do that with data sources that I wouldn’t otherwise get access to. Some people help out with scout groups, others are pillars of their local communities. Sometimes I can kid myself that slinging together the odd iPhone app at hackdays is for the social good, too.

However, there’s going to come a point where that will change – either because I start to feel that I’m now getting taken advantage of; or the current toxic status quo remains in place. At this point, the equation changes – I’ll eventually figure that actually, my efforts aren’t counting for anything and go off and play somewhere else.

So far, that hasn’t happened. It’s partly because of people who are disrupting on the outside (like RS and Emma) and partly because of people who are doing the same from the inside (like data.gov.uk and Thayer). What would be a complete disaster at this stage would be for the community at large to schism and start pointing fingers and shouting at each other.

We seem to all be in broad agreement about WHY we’re all doing what we’re doing – we might differ occasionally on the HOW, but it would be a huge mistake (IMHO) if we let that get in the way of actually continuing the good work so far.

Luddites

 
 

Marco Arment:

“Think of how many people are so afraid of their PCs that they only do the bare minimum with them and never venture into unknown territory because they’re afraid of “breaking” their computers.

How many of them recently bought iPads and have become much more confident and adventurous with usage and applications, since Apple tricked them into thinking that the iPad isn’t a computer?”

Scraping red dots

 
 

Over the past few weeks, I’ve been to a couple of events which have had a common theme of data – or more precisely, what effect access to data can have on the way our organisations behave. First was a quick trip to London for the October Facebook Developer Garage. The overarching theme last month was Government and Data, so there were various speakers from the intersection of technology geekery and policy wonkery that has sprung into existence over the last year or so.

One of the speakers was Chris Thorpe – I’m not quite sure how best to describe him, other than he makes and thinks about stuff online – and he was talking about how you make public data personal and pertinent. One of his examples was data from Guildford Borough Council, which he’d visualised by showing the ebbs and flows of spending over time.

When you think about it, it’s perfectly logical that spending on the Lido would be greater during the summer than the winter – but when you make those sort of visualisations, you also realise that there are spikes around the end of financial periods. Is that because this is when the invoices come in, or is it frantic efforts to empty the budget before the end of the financial year?

The point here is that raw statistics are all very well, but they’re only half the story. if your local hospital has had 300 cases of MRSA diagnosed in the last year, that might be a bad thing (particularly if it’s you that’s caught it). But whether it’s a disaster or a triumph depends on more information – if there were 3,000 cases the year before then you can argue that things are improving, whereas if it started from a base of 3, something’s gone wrong.

Which is why I’m also a bit wary of sites like Schooloscope. Although it’s built by people with brains the size of planets and the noblest of intentions, it still makes me slightly queasy that on the surface at least, every facet of a school’s existence is boiled down to a smiley face on the side of a cartoon building.

Yes, there IS much more nuanced information behind that, and yes, it’s not THAT difficult to find – but there’s still a snap smiley/frowny judgement plotted on a map. And the data is sourced from Ofsted – talk to virtually any teacher for more than a few minutes, and they’ll tell how that information is the product of the poster-child of box-ticking-as-a-substitute-for-dealing-with-the-underlying-issues approach.

Making the snap judgements, and not bothering to question the information is a symptom of what Schuyler Erle has called “red dot fever” – maps plastered in splodges of data points as an alternative to analysis. I’ve got a depressing feeling that there’s the same red dot fever when it comes to open public sector data – give a lazy journalist a Freedom of Information request and they’ll turn out 1,000 words of “why, oh why” about waste and inefficiencies.

And open data can be used as a weapon, too. I’m convinced that the raft of stories in the last few days about apparent junketing at the Audit Commission – and that organisation’s impending abolition – are completely un-coincidental.

Small wonder that some organisations are taking great lengths to ensure that their data is worse than useless – “it was on display in the bottom of a locked filing cabinet stuck in a disused lavatory with a sign on the door saying ‘Beware of the Leopard‘.”

Which is where the second of the two events comes in. Scraperwiki is the product of a startup that does something that on the face of it is relatively simple – it enables you to scrape websites to retrieve data. By exploiting the fact that the web is a structured medium, with a few clever tools and some persistence it’s possible to harvest data into a form which then becomes usable for analysis.

Scraperwiki does more than this, though – because it glues all the tools that you’ll need into a single cohesive application, it dramatically lowers the cost-of-entry to this kind of work. If you’re a half-competent geek, chances are you’ll be able to rig up a Ruby interpreter, an XML parser and a database so that you can pipe the results into Google Maps. But those are “10,000 hour skills”, to misquote Malcolm Gladwell – what Scraperwiki and tools like it do is to start to put those capabilities into the hands of civilians.

At the moment, there’s a culture change beginning to take place inside the public sector with data becoming seen as something that’s public property. It’s going to take a long time, because there’s a lot of cultural inertia to overcome. I think we’ll find that most of the data that gets release will tell the tale of decent people doing the best they can in trying circumstances. But some of it will shine some bright lights into some murky areas, so it must be tempting for organisations to think that they can limit the potential damage by burying the data away in obscure formats, or freezing it into a PDF.

But that’s a mistake, because it’ll cause an arms race. This is the kind of behaviour that your average geek sees as a challenge. Given enough time, neurons and lines of code, the information is going to get extracted, parsed, analysed and published – hiding it away is only postponing the inevitable.

t’Big Society in t’North

 
 

Last night was the inaugural meeting of the Big Society In the North, held at the Electric Works in Sheffield. I went along feeling like a bit of an interloper – although I participate in a lot of the techie networks that are in similar orbits, I’m not part of the third-sector quangocracy of organisations that’s involved in these kind of events.

As a result, I couldn’t really contribute that much to the higher-level discussions that were going on – I did more observing than talking. That did give me the chance to lurk around the edges and come away with some general impressions.

I sort of expected that this could have been a gathering of panicking people who are about to have their funding cut – but it wasn’t. Instead there seemed to be a general acceptance that there isn’t any money, anymore, and we’ve all got to get to grips with this. And it wasn’t political – I suspect that this wasn’t a gathering of natural Tory sympathisers, but it was interesting that more than one speaker explicitly ruled out outright opposition. Or indeed the less confrontational approach of just waiting another five years in the hope of a change of government.

There’s a real danger of sounding like a Daily Mail reader channelling the Taxpayers Alliance – and this isn’t intended as an ad hominem judgement of the people in the room last night – but I suspect that this is an area is similar to advertising – half of all the money pumped in is wasted, it’s just that we don’t know which half.

Sometimes it seems that for every person who delivers tangible projects that actually DO something, there about another three who spend their professional lives “coordinating”, “strategising” and producing policy papers. I’ve had enough experience of engaging with public sector funding sources to be very wary of the processes and hoops which have to be jumped through, and I wonder if we haven’t created an environment with an incredible amount of (albeit well-meaning) friction.

I can’t admit to having really understood some of the project pitches that took place – some seemed to be less tangible and more strategising – but one did strike me as having some potential, and something of a tech angle. The App Store is probably a poor title, though, because I’m not convinced that apps in the technical sense are what’s needed.

I see it as being more akin to the online stores that sell boiler-plate contracts – instead of going to a solicitor for a bespoke contract, you can buy one online for £50 and fill in the blanks. This could also get adapted to common things that seem complicated if you’ve never had to deal with them before – indemnity forms for events, what kind of liability insurance should I have for this event I’m putting on, that kind of thing.

And no doubt there *are* some things which are applications – community forums in a box, for example? It would be fairly straight-forward to assemble a toolbox of open source building blocks which could be assembled for specific online purposes on demand.

The official hub for the activities is at the Big Society In The North forum, and there’s much discussion on Twitter with the #bsitnorth tag. Watch this space, as they say…

[Update: Saul has his take on the event on his blog]

 
 

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Hello, I'm Tim. I'm a geek who builds online and mobile software and also takes photographs and messes around with technology. This is my personal website.

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